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Whereas this Order in Council is made only for purposes corresponding to the purposes of certain provisions of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44) specified in section 334(2) of that Act: Now, therefore, Her Majesty, in exercise of the powers conferred by paragraph 1(1) of the Schedule to the Northern Ireland Act 2000 (c. 1) (as modified by section 334 of the said Act of 2003) and of all other powers enabling Her in that behalf, is pleased, by and with the advice of Her Privy Council, to order, and it is hereby ordered, as follows: - Title and commencement 1. - (1) This Order may be cited as the Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 2004. (2) The following provisions of this Order shall come into operation on the expiration of one month from the day on which this Order is made -
(b) Articles 14, 15, 32, 33, 34 and 36.
(3) The other provisions of this Order shall come into operation on such day or days as the Secretary of State may by order appoint.
Extension of powers to stop and search 3. In Article 3(8) of the 1989 Order (offences for purpose of definition of prohibited article), at the end of sub-paragraph (e) insert -
(f) offences under Article 3 of the Criminal Damage (Northern Ireland) Order 1977 (NI 4) (destroying or damaging property).".
Bail elsewhere than at police station
(b) taken into custody by a constable after being arrested for an offence by a person other than a constable.
(1A) The person must be taken by a constable to a police station as soon as practicable after the arrest.
(c) for paragraph (10) substitute -
(10A) The condition is that, at any time before the person arrested reaches a police station, a constable is satisfied that there are no grounds for keeping him under arrest or releasing him on bail under Article 32A.";
(13A) The condition is that the presence of the person at a place (other than a police station) is necessary in order to carry out such investigations as it is reasonable to carry out immediately. (14) Where there is any such delay the reasons for the delay must be recorded when the person first arrives at the police station or (as the case may be) is released on bail.";
(2) After Article 32 of the 1989 Order insert -
32A. - (1) A constable may release on bail a person who is arrested or taken into custody in the circumstances mentioned in Article 32(1). (2) A person may be released on bail under paragraph (1) at any time before he arrives at a police station. (3) A person released on bail under paragraph (1) must be required to attend a police station. (4) No other requirement may be imposed on the person as a condition of bail. (5) The police station which the person is required to attend may be any police station. Bail under Article 32A:notices 32B. - (1) Where a constable grants bail to a person under Article 32A, he must give that person a notice in writing before he is released. (2) The notice must state -
(b) the ground on which he was arrested.
(3) The notice must inform him that he is required to attend a police station.
(b) taken to a designated police station,
not more than six hours after his arrival.
(b) fails to attend the police station at the specified time.
(2) A person arrested under paragraph (1) must be taken to a police station (which may be the specified police station or any other police station) as soon as practicable after the arrest.
(b) Article 33,
an arrest under this Article is to be treated as an arrest for an offence.".
Limits on periods of detention without charge
Property of detained persons
(2A) In the case of an arrested person, any such record may be made as part of his custody record.".
Taking fingerprints without consent
(b) he has not had his fingerprints taken in the course of the investigation of the offence by the police.
(4) The fingerprints of a person detained at a police station may be taken without the appropriate consent if -
(b) he has not had his fingerprints taken in the course of the investigation of the offence by the police.".
(3) Paragraph (5) (authorisation to be given or confirmed in writing) shall cease to have effect.
(b) either he has not had a non-intimate sample of the same type and from the same part of the body taken in the course of the investigation of the offence by the police, or he has had such a sample taken but it proved insufficient.".
(3) In paragraph (3)(a) (taking of samples without appropriate consent) omit "is in police detention or". Live links in criminal proceedings 10. - (1) A witness (other than the defendant) may, if the court so directs, give evidence through a live link in the following criminal proceedings. (2) They are -
(b) an appeal to a county court arising out of such a trial; (c) a preliminary investigation or preliminary inquiry into an indictable offence; (d) a trial on indictment; (e) an appeal to the Court of Appeal; (f) the hearing of a reference under section 10 or 12 of the Criminal Appeal Act 1995 (c. 35); (g) a hearing before a magistrates' court or the Crown Court which is held after the defendant has entered a plea of guilty; and (h) a hearing before the Court of Appeal under section 80 of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44).
(3) A direction may be given under this Article -
(b) of the court's own motion.
(4) But a direction may not be given under this Article unless -
(b) it has been notified by the Secretary of State that suitable facilities for receiving evidence through a live link are available in the county court division in which it appears to the court that the proceedings will take place; and (c) that notification has not been withdrawn.
(5) The withdrawal of such a notification is not to affect a direction given under this Article before that withdrawal.
(b) the need for the witness to attend in person; (c) the importance of the witness's evidence to the proceedings; (d) the views of the witness; (e) the suitability of the facilities at the place where the witness would give evidence through a live link; (f) whether a direction might tend to inhibit any party to the proceedings from effectively testing the witness's evidence.
(8) The court must state in open court its reasons for refusing an application for a direction under this Article and, if it is a magistrates' court, must cause them to be entered in the Order Book.
(b) of the court's own motion.
(6) But an application may not be made under paragraph (5)(a) unless there has been a material change of circumstances since the direction was given.
(b) for refusing an application to rescind such a direction,
and, if it is a magistrates' court, must cause them to be entered in the Order Book.
(b) suitable facilities for receiving such evidence are not available at any court-house in which the court can (apart from paragraph (2)) lawfully sit.
(2) The court may sit for the purposes of the whole or any part of the proceedings at any place at which such facilities are available and which has been appointed for the purposes of this Article by the Secretary of State.
(b) as to the arrangements or safeguards to be put in place in connection with the operation of live links.
(3) The provision which may be made by virtue of paragraph (2)(a) includes provision -
(b) for preventing the renewal of an unsuccessful application under Article 10 unless there has been a material change of circumstances; (c) for the manner in which confidential or sensitive information is to be treated in connection with an application under Article 10 or 11 and in particular as to its being disclosed to, or withheld from, a party to the proceedings.
(4) Nothing in this Article is to be taken as affecting the generality of any statutory provision conferring power to make rules of court.
(b) county court rules; (c) Crown Court rules; and (d) rules made under section 55 of the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978 (c. 23);
(2) In this Part "live link" means a live television link or other arrangement by which a witness, while at a place in the United Kingdom which is outside the building where the proceedings are being held, is able to see and hear a person at the place where the proceedings are being held and to be seen and heard by the following persons.
(b) the judge and the jury (if there is one); (c) legal representatives acting in the proceedings; and (d) any interpreter or other person appointed by the court to assist the witness.
(4) The extent (if any) to which a person is unable to see or hear by reason of any impairment of eyesight or hearing is to be disregarded for the purposes of paragraph (2).
(b) to exclude evidence at its discretion (whether by preventing questions being put or otherwise).
Introduction 16. - (1) In relation to a trial on indictment, the prosecution is to have the rights of appeal for which provision is made by this Part. (2) But the prosecution is to have no right of appeal under this Part in respect of -
(b) a ruling from which an appeal lies to the Court of Appeal by virtue of any other statutory provision.
(3) An appeal under this Part is to lie to the Court of Appeal. General right of appeal in respect of rulings 17. - (1) This Article applies where a judge makes a ruling in relation to a trial on indictment at an applicable time and the ruling relates to one or more offences included in the indictment. (2) The prosecution may appeal in respect of the ruling in accordance with this Article. (3) The ruling is to have no effect whilst the prosecution is able to take any steps under paragraph (4). (4) The prosecution may not appeal in respect of the ruling unless, following the making of the ruling -
(b) it requests an adjournment to consider whether to appeal and if such an adjournment is granted, it informs the court following the adjournment that it intends to appeal.
(5) If the prosecution requests an adjournment under paragraph (4)(b), the judge may grant such an adjournment.
(b) if the prosecution informs the court in accordance with paragraph (4) that it intends to appeal, it must at the same time inform the court of the offence or offences which are the subject of the appeal.
(7) Where -
(b) the prosecution, at the same time that it informs the court in accordance with paragraph (4) that it intends to appeal, nominates one or more other rulings which have been made by a judge in relation to the trial on indictment at an applicable time and which relate to the offence or offences which are the subject of the appeal,
that other ruling, or those other rulings, are also to be treated as the subject of the appeal.
(b) that the appeal is abandoned before it is determined by the Court of Appeal.
(10) If the prosecution informs the court in accordance with paragraph (4) that it intends to appeal, the ruling mentioned in paragraph (1) is to continue to have no effect in relation to the offence or offences which are the subject of the appeal whilst the appeal is pursued.
(b) the judge may not take any steps in consequence of the ruling; and (c) if he does so, any such steps are also to have no effect.
(12) Where the prosecution has informed the court of its agreement under paragraph (8) and either of the conditions mentioned in paragraph (9) is fulfilled, the judge or the Court of Appeal must order that the defendant in relation to the offence or each offence concerned be acquitted of that offence.
(b) discharge the jury (if one has been sworn).
(4) If he decides that the appeal should be expedited, he or the Court of Appeal may subsequently reverse that decision and, if it is reversed, the judge may act as mentioned in paragraph (3)(a) or (b).
(b) order that a fresh trial may take place in the Crown Court for that offence; (c) order that the defendant in relation to that offence be acquitted of that offence.
(5) But the Court of Appeal may not make an order under paragraph (4)(a) or (b) in respect of an offence unless it considers it necessary in the interests of justice to do so. Right of appeal in respect of evidentiary rulings 21. - (1) The prosecution may, in accordance with this Article and Article 22, appeal in respect of -
(b) two or more qualifying evidentiary rulings.
(2) A "qualifying evidentiary ruling" is an evidentiary ruling of a judge in relation to a trial on indictment which is made at any time (whether before or after the commencement of the trial) before the opening of the case for the defence.
(b) of the ruling or rulings to which the appeal relates.
(6) In respect of the ruling, or each ruling, to which the appeal relates -
(b) any other offence to which the ruling relates may, but need not, be the subject of the appeal.
(7) The prosecution must, at the same time that it informs the court in accordance with paragraph (5), inform the court of the offence or offences which are the subject of the appeal.
(b) it is indicated to the court that no evidence will be adduced by or on behalf of a defendant; (c) a defendant's case is opened, as permitted by section 2 of the Criminal Procedure Act 1865 (c. 18).
(9) In this Article -
(b) an offence of aiding, abetting, counselling or procuring the commission of an offence described in Schedule 2.
(10) The Secretary of State may by order amend that Schedule by doing any one or more of the following -
(b) removing a description of offence for the time being included; (c) modifying a description of offence for the time being included.
(11) Nothing in this Article affects the right of the prosecution to appeal in respect of an evidentiary ruling under Article 17.
(b) discharge the jury (if one has been sworn).
(4) If he decides that the appeal should be expedited, he or the Court of Appeal may subsequently reverse that decision and, if it is reversed, the judge may act as mentioned in paragraph (3)(a) or (b).
(b) order that a fresh trial may take place in the Crown Court for that offence; (c) order that the defendant in relation to that offence be acquitted of that offence.
(3) But no order may be made under paragraph (2)(c) in respect of an offence unless the prosecution has indicated that it does not intend to continue with the prosecution of that offence.
(b) that the ruling involved an error of law or principle; or (c) that the ruling was a ruling that it was not reasonable for the judge to have made.
Appeals to the House of Lords
(1B) Costs ordered to be paid under subsection (1A) may include the cost of any transcript of a record of proceedings made in accordance with rules of court under section 21 of the Criminal Appeal (Northern Ireland) Act 1980.".
(3) In section 4(2A) (defence costs on an appeal to be met by the Secretary of State) after "Order 1988" insert "or under Part IV of the Criminal Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 2004 (prosecution appeals)".
(2) In section 72 of the Terrorism Act 2000 (c. 11) (power of Secretary of State to set time limits in relation to preliminary stages of criminal proceedings for scheduled offences) after subsection (6) insert -
Restrictions on reporting
(b) an appeal under this Part; (c) an appeal under Part II of the 1980 Act in relation to an appeal under this Part; or (d) an application for leave to appeal in relation to an appeal mentioned in sub-paragraph (b) or (c).
(2) The judge may order that paragraph (1) is not to apply, or is not to apply to a specified extent, to a report of -
(b) an application to the judge for leave to appeal to the Court of Appeal under this Part.
(3) The Court of Appeal may order that paragraph (1) is not to apply, or is not to apply to a specified extent, to a report of -
(b) an application to that Court for leave to appeal to it under this Part; or (c) an application to that Court for leave to appeal to the House of Lords under Part II of the 1980 Act.
(4) The House of Lords may order that paragraph (1) is not to apply, or is not to apply to a specified extent, to a report of -
(b) an application to that House for leave to appeal to it under Part II of that Act.
(5) Where there is only one defendant and he objects to the making of an order under paragraph (2), (3) or (4) -
(b) the order (if made) is not to apply to the extent that a report deals with any such objection or representations.
(6) Where there are two or more defendants and one or more of them object to the making of an order under paragraph (2), (3) or (4) -
(b) the order (if made) is not to apply to the extent that a report deals with any such objection or representations.
(7) Paragraph (1) does not apply to the inclusion in a publication of a report of -
(b) an appeal under this Part; (c) an appeal under Part II of the 1980 Act in relation to an appeal under this Part; or (d) an application for leave to appeal in relation to an appeal mentioned in sub-paragraph (b) or (c),
at the conclusion of the trial of the defendant or the last of the defendants to be tried.
(b) the names, ages, home addresses and occupations of the defendant or defendants and witnesses; (c) the offence or offences, or a summary of them, with which the defendant or defendants are charged; (d) the names of the legal representatives in the proceedings; (e) where the proceedings are adjourned, the date and place to which they are adjourned; (f) any arrangements as to bail; (g) whether -
(ii) legal aid under the Legal Aid, Advice and Assistance (Northern Ireland) Order 1981 (NI 8) (which was repealed by the Access to Justice (Northern Ireland) Order 2003) was granted to the defendant or any of the defendants.
(9) The addresses that may be included in a report by virtue of paragraph (8) are addresses -
(b) at the time of their inclusion in the publication.
(10) Nothing in this Article affects any prohibition or restriction by virtue of any other statutory provision on the inclusion of any matter in a publication.
Offences in connection with reporting
(b) any person having functions in relation to the programme corresponding to those of an editor of a newspaper,
is guilty of an offence.
(b) on or after the relevant date, the Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland.
(8) In paragraph (7) "the relevant date" means the date on which section 22(1) of the Justice (Northern Ireland) Act 2002 (c. 26) comes into force.
(b) as to procedures to be applied in connection with this Part; (c) enabling a single judge of the Court of Appeal to give leave to appeal under this Part or to exercise the power of the Court of Appeal under Article 17(12).
(3) Nothing in this Article is to be taken as affecting the generality of any statutory provision conferring powers to make rules of court.
(b) rules made under section 55 of the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978 (c. 23);
(2) Any reference in this Part (other than Article 32(2)(c)) to a judge is a reference to a judge of the Crown Court. Orders 34. - (1) Any order made by the Secretary of State under this Order may contain -
(b) any transitory, transitional or saving provision,
which the Secretary of State considers necessary or expedient.
(b) Article 36(1),
shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament in like manner as a statutory instrument and section 5 of the Statutory Instruments Act 1946 (c. 36) shall apply accordingly.
(b) any transitory, transitional or saving provision,
which he considers necessary or expedient for the purposes of, in consequence of, or for giving full effect to any provision of this Order.
(b) amend or repeal any statutory provision passed or made before the making of this Order.
(3) Nothing in this Article limits the power by virtue of Article 34(1)(b) to include transitional or saving provision in an order under Article 1(3). 1. In Article 20 (entry and search after arrest), for paragraph (5) substitute -
(b) without obtaining an authorisation under paragraph (4),
if the condition in paragraph (5A) is satisfied.
2.
In Article 35 (limitations on police detention), for paragraph (8) substitute -
(b) returns to a police station to answer to bail granted under this Part; or (c) is arrested under Article 32D or 47A,
is to be treated as arrested for an offence and that offence is the offence in connection with which he was granted bail under Article 32A or this Part.".
3.
In Article 36(1) (designated police stations), for "Article 32(3), (5) and (6)" substitute "Articles 32(3), (5) and (6), 32A(5) and 32D(2)".
(7B) Where paragraph (7) applies because of paragraph (7A), the reference in paragraph (7)(b) to the officer who took him to the station is to be read as a reference to the officer who granted him bail under Article 32A.".
5.
In Article 42(2) (calculation of periods of time), after sub-paragraph (b) insert -
6.
In Schedule 2, in paragraph 22 (powers of escort officer to take arrested person to prison) in sub-paragraph (1)(a), for "paragraph (1) of Article 32" substitute "paragraph (1A) of Article 32". Murder 1. Murder. Attempted murder 2. An offence under Article 3 of the Criminal Attempts and Conspiracy (Northern Ireland) Order 1983 (NI 13) of attempting to commit murder. Soliciting murder 3. An offence under section 4 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861 (c. 100). Manslaughter 4. Manslaughter. Wounding or causing grievous bodily harm with intent 5. An offence under section 18 of the Offences against the Person Act 1861 (c. 100). Kidnapping 6. Kidnapping. Rape 7. Rape. Attempted rape 8. An offence under section 2 of the Attempted Rape, etc., Act (Northern Ireland) 1960 (c. 3). Intercourse with a girl under fourteen 9. An offence under section 4 of the Criminal Law Amendment Act 1885 (c. 69) of unlawfully and carnally knowing a girl under fourteen. Incest by a man with a girl under fourteen 10. An offence under section 1(1) of the Punishment of Incest Act 1908 (c. 45) alleged to have been committed with a girl under fourteen. Unlawful importation of Class A drug 11. An offence under section 50(2) of the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979 (c. 2) alleged to have been committed in respect of a Class A drug (as defined by section 2 of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 (c. 38)). Unlawful exportation of Class A drug 12. An offence under section 68(2) of the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979 alleged to have been committed in respect of a Class A drug (as defined by section 2 of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971). Fraudulent evasion in respect of Class A drug 13. An offence under section 170(1) or (2) of the Customs and Excise Management Act 1979 alleged to have been committed in respect of a Class A drug (as defined by section 2 of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971). Producing or being concerned in production of Class A drug 14. An offence under section 4(2) of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 alleged to have been committed in relation to a Class A drug (as defined by section 2 of that Act). Supplying or offering to supply Class A drug 15. An offence under section 4(3) of the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 alleged to have been committed in relation to a Class A drug (as defined by section 2 of that Act). Robbery 16. An offence under section 8(1) of the Theft Act (Northern Ireland) 1969 (c. 16) where it is alleged that, at some time during the commission of the offence, the defendant had in his possession a firearm or imitation firearm (as defined by Article 2(2) of the Firearms (Northern Ireland) Order 2004 (NI 3)). Arson endangering life 17. An offence under Article 3(2) of the Criminal Damage (Northern Ireland) Order 1977 (NI 4) alleged to have been committed by destroying or damaging property by fire. Causing explosion likely to endanger life or property 18. An offence under section 2 of the Explosive Substances Act 1883 (c. 3). Intent or conspiracy to cause explosion likely to endanger life or property 19. An offence under section 3(1)(a) of the Explosive Substances Act 1883. Genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes 20. An offence under section 51 or 52 of the International Criminal Court Act 2001 (c. 17). Grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions 21. An offence under section 1 of the Geneva Conventions Act 1957 (c. 52). Directing terrorist organisation 22. An offence under section 56 of the Terrorism Act 2000 (c. 11). Hostage-taking 23. An offence under section 1 of the Taking of Hostages Act 1982 (c. 28). Hijacking of aircraft 24. An offence under section 1 of the Aviation Security Act 1982 (c. 36). Destroying, damaging or endangering the safety of aircraft 25. An offence under section 2 of the Aviation Security Act 1982. Hijacking of ships 26. An offence under section 9 of the Aviation and Maritime Security Act 1990 (c. 31). Seizing or exercising control of fixed platforms 27. An offence under section 10 of the Aviation and Maritime Security Act 1990. Destroying ships or fixed platforms or endangering their safety 28. An offence under section 11 of the Aviation and Maritime Security Act 1990. Hijacking of Channel Tunnel trains 29. An offence under Article 4 of the Channel Tunnel (Security) Order 1994 (S.I.1994/570). Seizing or exercising control of Channel Tunnel system 30. An offence under Article 5 of the Channel Tunnel (Security) Order 1994 (S.I.1994/570). Conspiracy 31. An offence under Article 9 of the Criminal Attempts and Conspiracy (Northern Ireland) Order 1983 of conspiracy to commit an offence listed in this Schedule.
(This note is not part of the Order) This Order is made only for purposes corresponding to the purposes of the provisions of the Criminal Justice Act 2003 (c. 44) specified in section 334(2) of that Act (except section 3(3) and Part 11 of that Act). Part II amends the Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989. Part III provides for the use of live links in certain criminal proceedings. Part IV provides a right for the prosecution to appeal to the Court of Appeal in trials on indictment. Explanatory Memorandum ISBN 0 11 049148 3
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