Office of Public Sector Information

(2) But this paragraph does not apply if the purpose or one of the purposes for which the pension scheme holds the interest in the vehicle is to enable a member of the pension scheme or a person connected with such a member to occupy or use the property.

(3) In sub-paragraph (1)—

(a) “control” has the same meaning as in section 416 of ICTA (reading references in that section to a company as references to the vehicle and references to associates as including associated persons), and

(b) “controlling director”, in relation to a vehicle, means a director to whom paragraph (b) of section 417(5) of that Act applies (reading the reference to associates in that paragraph as including associated persons).

(4) For the purposes of this paragraph a pension scheme or an arrangement under a pension scheme has control of a vehicle if the pension scheme or the arrangement holds such interest as would, if the pension scheme or the arrangement were a person, mean that the person had control of the vehicle.

(5) Section 839 of ICTA (connected persons) applies for the purposes of this paragraph.

(6) For the definition of “associated person” see paragraph 30.

22 (1) This paragraph applies to a vehicle in which a pension scheme directly or indirectly holds an interest where the vehicle is—

(a) a company to which Part 4 of the Finance Act 2006 (Real Estate Investment Trusts) applies, or

(b) a member of a group to which that Part applies.

(2) But this paragraph does not apply if the purpose or one of the purposes for which the pension scheme holds the interest in the vehicle is to enable a member of the pension scheme or a person connected with such a member to occupy or use the property.

(3) Section 839 of ICTA (connected persons) applies for the purposes of sub-paragraph (2).

23 (1) This paragraph applies to a vehicle in which a pension scheme directly or indirectly holds an interest where—

(a) Conditions A to C are met in relation to the vehicle, and

(b) paragraph 24 applies to the pension scheme’s interest in the vehicle.

(2) Condition A is that—

(a) the total value of the assets held directly by the vehicle is at least £1 million, or

(b) the vehicle holds directly at least three assets which consist of an interest in residential property,

and no asset held directly by the vehicle which consists of an interest in taxable property has a value which exceeds 40% of the total value of the assets held directly by the vehicle.

(3) Condition B is that, if the vehicle is a company—

(a) it is resident in the United Kingdom and is not a close company, or

(b) it is not resident in the United Kingdom and would not be a close company if it were resident in the United Kingdom.

(4) Condition C is that the vehicle does not have as its main purpose, or one of its main purposes, the direct or indirect holding of an animal or animals used for sporting purposes.

(5) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)—

(a) assets must be valued in accordance with generally accepted accounting practice,

(b) no account is to be taken of liabilities secured against or otherwise relating to assets (whether generally or specifically), and

(c) where generally accepted accounting practice offers a choice of valuation between cost basis and fair value, fair value must be used.

(6) The Treasury may by order—

(a) increase the amount for the time being specified in paragraph (a) of sub-paragraph (2), or

(b) increase the percentage for the time being specified in that sub-paragraph.

24 (1) For the purposes of paragraph 23 this paragraph applies to the interest held directly or indirectly by a pension scheme in a vehicle where—

(a) Condition A is met, and

(b) Condition B or C is met.

(2) Condition A is that the pension scheme does not hold the interest in the vehicle for the purpose of enabling a member of the pension scheme or a person connected with such a member to occupy or use the property.

(3) Condition B is that—

(a) the pension scheme is an occupational pension scheme, and

(b) the pension scheme does not, either alone or together with one or more associated persons, directly or indirectly hold an interest in the vehicle to which sub-paragraph (5) applies.

(4) Condition C is that—

(a) the pension scheme is not an occupational pension scheme, and

(b) no arrangement under the pension scheme, either alone or together with one or more associated persons, directly or indirectly holds an interest in the vehicle to which sub-paragraph (5) applies.

(5) This sub-paragraph applies to the following interests—

(a) 10% or more of the share capital or issued share capital of the vehicle;

(b) 10% or more of the voting rights in the vehicle;

(c) a right to receive 10% or more of the income of the vehicle;

(d) such interest in the vehicle as gives an entitlement to 10% or more of the amounts distributed on a distribution in relation to the vehicle;

(e) such interest in the vehicle as gives an entitlement to 10% or more of the assets of the vehicle on a winding-up or in any other circumstances;

(f) such interest in the vehicle as gives rise to income or gains from a specific property.

(6) Section 839 of ICTA (connected persons) applies for the purposes of this paragraph.

(7) For the definition of “associated person” see paragraph 30.

25 (1) This paragraph contains provisions supplementary to paragraph 24.

(2) Where—

(a) paragraph 23(1) does not apply in relation to a vehicle in which the pension scheme directly or indirectly holds an interest merely because Condition C in paragraph 24(4) is not met in relation to an arrangement under the pension scheme, and

(b) accordingly, the pension scheme holds an interest in property indirectly through the vehicle,

the interest in the property is to be treated as held through the vehicle for the purposes of another arrangement under the pension scheme only if that arrangement, either alone or together with one or more associated persons, directly or indirectly holds an interest in the vehicle to which paragraph 24(5) applies.

(3) Sub-paragraph (4) applies for determining the percentage of an interest held by a person in a vehicle at a time when the person holds that interest indirectly.

(4) That percentage is equal to the percentage of the total taxable amount that would be apportioned to the person under paragraphs 41 to 43—

(a) where the person is not the pension scheme, if the person were the pension scheme, and

(b) in any case, if the person were treated as making an unauthorised payment by virtue of the vehicle coming to hold the interest in the property directly at that time.

(5) For the definition of “associated person” see paragraph 30.

26 (1) This paragraph applies to a vehicle in which a pension scheme directly or indirectly holds an interest where—

(a) the vehicle holds the interest in the property directly by virtue of paragraph 14(3) merely because it does not meet Condition C in paragraph 15(4), and

(b) sub-paragraph (2) applies in relation to the pension scheme.

(2) This sub-paragraph applies in relation to the pension scheme if—

(a) where the pension scheme is an occupational pension scheme, the pension scheme is not, either alone or together with one or more associated persons, deemed to be entitled to 10% or more of the market value of or the income from the property, or

(b) where the pension scheme is not an occupational pension scheme, no arrangement under the pension scheme, either alone or together with one or more associated persons, is deemed to be so entitled.

(3) For the purposes of this paragraph the percentage of the market value of or the income from the property to which a person is deemed to be entitled at any time is—

(4) Those assumptions are—

(a) if the person is not the pension scheme, that the person is the pension scheme, and

(b) in any case, that the person is treated as making an unauthorised payment by virtue of the vehicle coming to hold the interest in the property directly at that time.

(5) For the definition of “associated person” see paragraph 30.

Deemed acquisition

27 Where—

(a) an investment-regulated pension scheme holds an interest in property which is not taxable property, and

(b) that property becomes taxable property otherwise than by reason of its conversion or adaptation as residential property,

the pension scheme is treated for the purposes of the taxable property provisions as acquiring an interest in the property.

28 (1) Subject to paragraph 29, this paragraph applies where—

(a) an investment-regulated pension scheme holds an interest in taxable property indirectly, and

(b) there is an increase in the extent of the interest held directly in a vehicle by the pension scheme or another vehicle.

(2) The pension scheme is to be treated for the purposes of this Schedule as—

(a) having disposed of the interest in the property immediately before the increase in the extent of the interest in the vehicle, and

(b) having re-acquired the interest immediately afterwards.

(3) The extent of the interest held directly in a vehicle by a person is to be determined for the purposes of this paragraph and paragraph 29 in accordance with paragraphs 42 and 43.

29 (1) Where there is an increase in the extent of the interest held directly in the vehicle otherwise than by reason of the acquisition of a further interest in the vehicle, paragraph 28 does not apply unless the condition in sub-paragraph (2) is met.

(2) The condition is that the event by which the extent of the interest held directly in the vehicle increases forms part of a scheme or arrangement the main purpose or one of the main purposes of which is—

(a) to enable the amount of the unauthorised payment treated as arising on the original acquisition of the interest in the property by the pension scheme to be lower than it otherwise would have been, or

(b) to prevent an unauthorised payment from being treated as made on that original acquisition.

(3) Unless that condition is met, the increase in the extent of the interest is also to be disregarded for the purposes of paragraphs 24 to 26.

Associated persons

30 (1) For the purposes of this Part of this Schedule “associated person”, in relation to a pension scheme, means—

(a) any member of the pension scheme,

(b) any person connected with such a member,

(c) any arrangement (under that or another pension scheme) relating to a member of the pension scheme,

(d) any arrangement (under that or another pension scheme) relating to a person connected with such a member, and

(e) any associated pension scheme.

(2) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1) a pension scheme is associated with another pension scheme if members representing at least 10% by value of one pension scheme are members of the other pension scheme or connected with such members.

(3) The percentage by value represented by a member of a pension scheme is—

(4) For the purposes of this Part of this Schedule “associated person”, in relation to an arrangement under a pension scheme, means—

(a) the member of the pension scheme to which that arrangement relates,

(b) any person connected with such a member,

(c) any arrangement (under that or another pension scheme) relating to a member of the pension scheme to which that arrangement relates, and

(d) any arrangement (under that or another pension scheme) relating to a person connected with such a member.

Part 4 Amount and timing of unauthorised payment

Introduction

31 (1) This Part of this Schedule has effect for determining—

(a) the amount of an unauthorised payment treated as made to a member of an investment-regulated pension scheme by virtue of section 174A, and

(b) the time when such a payment is treated as made.

(2) The amount is determined by—

(a) finding the total taxable amount in relation to the unauthorised payment (see paragraphs 32 to 40),

(b) apportioning that amount to the pension scheme (see paragraphs 41 to 43),

(c) in a case to which paragraph 28 applies (acquisition etc of further interest in vehicle), making an adjustment under paragraph 44 to the amount mentioned in paragraph (b), and

(d) apportioning that amount to the member to whom the payment is treated as made in accordance with paragraph 45.

Acquisition: basic rules

32 (1) This paragraph applies to a case within subsection (1) of section 174A (acquisition of an interest in taxable property).

(2) The unauthorised payment is treated as made when the interest in the property is acquired by the pension scheme.

(3) If the interest in the property is acquired because the pension scheme or another person comes to hold the interest directly, the total taxable amount in relation to the unauthorised payment is—

(a) the amount of consideration, in money or money’s worth, given directly or indirectly for the interest, plus

(b) the amount of any fees and other costs incurred in connection with the acquisition.

(4) Sub-paragraph (3) is subject to paragraphs 33 to 35.

(5) If the interest in the property is acquired because the pension scheme or another person comes to hold an interest in a person who already holds the interest in the property directly or indirectly, the total taxable amount in relation to the unauthorised payment is—

(a) the market value, at the date the interest in the person is acquired, of the interest in the property held by the person who holds it directly, or

(b) if the interest in the property is a lease at a rent, the amount of consideration that would be treated as given by the person for the lease by virtue of paragraph 34 if it were assigned to the person at that time.

(6) If the interest in the property is treated as acquired by the pension scheme by virtue of paragraph 27 or 28, the total taxable amount in relation to the unauthorised payment is—

(a) the market value, at the date the interest is treated as acquired, of the interest in the property held by the person who holds it directly, or

(b) if the interest in the property is a lease at a rent, the amount of consideration that would be treated as given by the person for the lease by virtue of paragraph 34 if it were assigned to the person at that time.

(7) This paragraph is subject to paragraph 36.

Acquisition: further provisions

33 (1) This paragraph applies where—

(a) an investment-regulated pension scheme acquires an interest in taxable property because it acquires a chargeable interest in the property within the meaning of section 48(1) of the Finance Act 2003,

(b) the interest is acquired because the pension scheme or another person comes to hold the interest directly, and

(c) the whole or part of the consideration for the interest is consideration other than rent.

(2) The provisions of the Finance Act 2003 listed in sub-paragraph (3) apply for determining the amount of the consideration (or the part that is not rent) as they apply for determining the amount of chargeable consideration for a land transaction for the purposes of Part 4 of that Act.

(3) Those provisions are—

(a) paragraphs 2 to 8 and 9 to 16 of Schedule 4 (chargeable consideration);

(b) section 51 (contingent, uncertain or unascertained consideration);

(c) section 52 (annuities etc: chargeable consideration limited to twelve years' payments).

(4) The Treasury may by regulations provide—

(a) for those provisions to apply with modifications to cases to which this paragraph applies, and

(b) for any other provisions of Part 4 of the Finance Act 2003 to apply (with or without modifications) to such cases.

34 (1) This paragraph applies where—

(a) an investment-regulated pension scheme acquires an interest in taxable property because it acquires a chargeable interest in the property within the meaning of section 48(1) of the Finance Act 2003,

(b) the interest is acquired because the pension scheme or another person comes to hold the interest directly, and

(c) the whole or part of the consideration for the acquisition is rent.

(2) The amount of the consideration (or the part that is rent) is to be taken to be the relevant rental value of the property; and paragraphs 2(4)(a), 3 and 8 of Schedule 5 (rent) to the Finance Act 2003 apply for determining that value.

(3) The following provisions of the Finance Act 2003 apply for the purposes of sub-paragraph (2) for determining the amount of rent payable as they apply for determining the amount of rent payable under a lease to which that Act applies—

(a) paragraphs 2, 5 to 7A, 9 and 16 of Schedule 17A (further provisions relating to leases);

(b) (subject to the provisions mentioned in paragraph (a)) the provisions mentioned in paragraph 33(3).

(4) The Treasury may by regulations provide—

(a) for the provisions mentioned in sub-paragraph (2) or (3) to apply with modifications to cases to which this paragraph applies, and

(b) for any other provisions of Part 4 of the Finance Act 2003 to apply (with or without modifications) to such cases.

(5) For the purposes of this paragraph where on an assignment of a lease the assignee assumes the obligation to pay rent, the assumption counts as consideration for the assignment.

35 (1) This paragraph applies where—

(a) an investment-regulated pension scheme acquires an interest in taxable property because the pension scheme or another person comes to hold the interest directly,

(b) the interest is acquired for less than its market value, and

(c) immediately before the acquisition the interest was held by a registered pension scheme which was not an investment-regulated pension scheme.

(2) This paragraph also applies where—

(a) an investment-regulated pension scheme acquires an interest in taxable property because the pension scheme or another person comes to hold the interest directly,

(b) the interest is acquired for less than its market value, and

(c) tax relief is available under section 188 or 196 in respect of the transfer of the interest.

(3) The amount of the consideration for the interest is treated as—

(a) the market value, at the date the interest is acquired, of the interest in the property held by the person who holds it directly, or

(b) if the interest in the property is a lease at a rent, the amount of consideration that would be treated as given by the person for the lease by virtue of paragraph 34 if it were assigned to the person at that time.

36 (1) The Treasury may by regulations make provision with respect to—

(a) what is to count as consideration for the acquisition of an interest in taxable property, and

(b) the determination of the amount of such consideration.

(2) The Treasury may by regulations make provision with respect to the determination of the market value of an interest held in taxable property.

(3) Regulations under this paragraph may, in particular, make provision for cases where an investment-regulated pension scheme acquires—

(a) an interest in taxable property outside the United Kingdom,

(b) a licence to use or occupy taxable property, or

(c) an interest in taxable property which is tangible moveable property.

(4) Regulations under this paragraph may—

(a) amend this Part of this Schedule, and

(b) include provision having effect in relation to times before they are made.

Post-acquisition unauthorised payments

37 (1) The Treasury may by regulations make provision for an investment-regulated pension scheme which has acquired an interest in taxable property to be treated as making one or more further unauthorised payments where—

(a) the amount of consideration for the acquisition was determined on the basis of a reasonable estimate, and the actual amount of the consideration turns out to be higher than the estimated amount,

(b) in the case of an interest which is a lease, there is a variation in the rent payable under the lease, or

(c) in such a case, the amount of consideration for the acquisition was determined on an assumption about the length of the term of the lease, and the lease continues after the end of the term.

(2) Regulations under this paragraph may—

(a) amend section 174A or this Schedule (apart from this paragraph), and

(b) include provision having effect in relation to times before they are made.

(3) References in the taxable property provisions to unauthorised payments treated as made under section 174A include references to payments treated as made under regulations under this paragraph.

Improvement of taxable property

38 (1) This paragraph applies to a case within subsection (2) of section 174A (improvement of taxable property).

(2) An unauthorised payment is treated as made when a payment is made in connection with the improvement works.

(3) The total taxable amount in relation to the unauthorised payment is the amount of the payment mentioned in sub-paragraph (2).

Conversion or adaptation as residential property

39 (1) This paragraph applies to a case within subsection (3) of section 174A (conversion or adaptation as residential property).

(2) The unauthorised payment is treated as made on the occurrence of whichever of the following first occurs after the property has become residential property—

(a) the substantial completion of the works to convert or adapt the property;

(b) the interest in the property ceasing to be held by the pension scheme.

(3) But if the property becomes residential property after the end of the period of three years beginning with the date on which the first payment was made in connection with the works to convert or adapt the property, the unauthorised payment is treated as made when the property becomes residential property.

(4) If the works began before the end of the period of twelve months beginning with the acquisition of the interest in the property by the pension scheme, the total taxable amount in relation to the unauthorised payment is—

(a) the amount of consideration for the interest, determined in accordance with paragraphs 32 to 36, plus

(b) the development costs (see sub-paragraph (7)).

(5) If the works began after the end of that period, the total taxable amount in relation to the unauthorised payment is—

(a) the relevant market value (see sub-paragraph (6)), plus

(b) the development costs (see sub-paragraph (7)).

(6) In this paragraph “the relevant market value” means—

(a) the market value, at the date the works began, of the interest in the property held by the person who holds it directly, or

(b) if the interest in the property is a lease at a rent, the amount of consideration that would be treated as given by the person for the lease by virtue of paragraph 34 if it were assigned to the person at that time.

(7) In this paragraph “the development costs” means the total cost of the works to convert or adapt the property at the time when the unauthorised payment is treated as made.

(8) Where, at the time the unauthorised payment is treated as made—

(a) an amount will be payable for the works only if some uncertain future event occurs, or

(b) an amount will cease to be payable for the works if some uncertain future event occurs,

the development costs are to be determined on the assumption that the amount will be payable or, as the case may be, will not cease to be payable.

(9) Where, at that time, an amount payable for the works—

(a) depends on uncertain future events, or

(b) cannot otherwise be ascertained,

that amount is to be determined for the purposes of sub-paragraph (7) on the basis of a reasonable estimate.

40 (1) This paragraph applies to a case within subsection (3) of section 174A (conversion or adaptation as residential property).

(2) This paragraph applies if —

(a) sub-paragraph (8) of paragraph 39 has effect when an unauthorised payment is treated as made under that paragraph,

(b) an amount estimated under that sub-paragraph later becomes ascertained, and

(c) the ascertained amount is more than the estimated amount.

(3) An unauthorised payment is treated as made when the amount becomes ascertained.

(4) The total taxable amount in relation to the unauthorised payment is the difference between the ascertained amount and the estimated amount.

(5) References in the taxable property provisions to unauthorised payments treated as made under section 174A include references to payments treated as made under this paragraph.

Apportionment to pension scheme

41 (1) This paragraph applies for determining—

(a) whether the amount of an unauthorised payment treated as made by an investment-regulated pension scheme under section 174A consists of the whole of the total taxable amount in relation to the payment, and

(b) if not, how much of the total taxable amount comprises the amount of the unauthorised payment.

(2) The pension scheme is treated as making an unauthorised payment equal to the whole of the total taxable amount where Condition A, B or C is met.

(3) Condition A is that the pension scheme directly holds the interest in the taxable property which gives rise to the unauthorised payment.

(4) Condition B is that—

(a) the pension scheme holds the interest in the property indirectly through one vehicle, and

(b) that vehicle is wholly owned by the pension scheme.