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Section 256
1 This Schedule applies to an individual who immediately before commencement—
(a) has been adjudged bankrupt, and
(b) has not been discharged from the bankruptcy.
2 In this Schedule—
“commencement” means the date appointed under section 279 for the commencement of section 256, and
“pre-commencement bankrupt” means an individual to whom this Schedule applies.
3 Section 279 of the Insolvency Act 1986 (c. 45) (bankruptcy: discharge) shall not apply to a pre-commencement bankrupt (whether in its pre-commencement or its post-commencement form).
4 (1) A pre-commencement bankrupt is discharged from bankruptcy at whichever is the earlier of—
(a) the end of the period of one year beginning with commencement, and
(b) the end of the relevant period applicable to the bankrupt under section 279(1)(b) of the Insolvency Act 1986 (duration of bankruptcy) as it had effect immediately before commencement.
(2) An order made under section 279(3) of that Act before commencement—
(a) shall continue to have effect in respect of the pre-commencement bankrupt after commencement, and
(b) may be varied or revoked after commencement by an order under section 279(3) as substituted by section 256 of this Act.
(3) Section 279(3) to (5) of that Act as substituted by section 256 of this Act shall have effect after commencement in relation to the period mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(a) or (b) above.
5 (1) This paragraph applies to a pre-commencement bankrupt who was an undischarged bankrupt at some time during the period of 15 years ending with the day before the date on which the pre-commencement bankruptcy commenced.
(2) The pre-commencement bankrupt shall not be discharged from bankruptcy in accordance with paragraph 4 above.
(3) An order made before commencement under section 280(2)(b) or (c) of the Insolvency Act 1986 (c. 45) (discharge by order of the court) shall continue to have effect after commencement (including any provision made by the court by virtue of section 280(3)).
(4) A pre-commencement bankrupt to whom this paragraph applies (and in respect of whom no order is in force under section 280(2)(b) or (c) on commencement) is discharged—
(a) at the end of the period of five years beginning with commencement, or
(b) at such earlier time as the court may order on an application under section 280 of the Insolvency Act 1986 (discharge by order) heard after commencement.
(5) Section 279(3) to (5) of the Insolvency Act 1986 as substituted by section 256 of this Act shall have effect after commencement in relation to the period mentioned in sub-paragraph (4)(a) above.
(6) A bankruptcy annulled under section 282 shall be ignored for the purpose of sub-paragraph (1).
6 A pre-commencement bankrupt who was adjudged bankrupt on a petition under section 264(1)(d) of the Insolvency Act 1986 (criminal bankruptcy)—
(a) shall not be discharged from bankruptcy in accordance with paragraph 4 above, but
(b) may be discharged from bankruptcy by an order of the court under section 280 of that Act.
7 (1) This paragraph applies where—
(a) a pre-commencement bankrupt is discharged by virtue of paragraph 4(1)(a), and
(b) an income payments order is in force in respect of him immediately before his discharge.
(2) If the income payments order specifies a date after which it is not to have effect, it shall continue in force until that date (and then lapse).
(3) But the court may on the application of the pre-commencement bankrupt—
(a) vary the income payments order;
(b) provide for the income payments order to cease to have effect before the date referred to in sub-paragraph (2).
8 A provision of this Schedule which provides for an individual to be discharged from bankruptcy is subject to—
(a) any bankruptcy restrictions order (or interim order) which may be made in relation to that individual, and
(b) any bankruptcy restrictions undertaking entered into by that individual.
Section 257
1 (1) A bankruptcy restrictions order may be made by the court.
(2) An order may be made only on the application of—
(a) the Secretary of State, or
(b) the official receiver acting on a direction of the Secretary of State.
2 (1) The court shall grant an application for a bankruptcy restrictions order if it thinks it appropriate having regard to the conduct of the bankrupt (whether before or after the making of the bankruptcy order).
(2) The court shall, in particular, take into account any of the following kinds of behaviour on the part of the bankrupt—
(a) failing to keep records which account for a loss of property by the bankrupt, or by a business carried on by him, where the loss occurred in the period beginning 2 years before petition and ending with the date of the application;
(b) failing to produce records of that kind on demand by the official receiver or the trustee;
(c) entering into a transaction at an undervalue;
(d) giving a preference;
(e) making an excessive pension contribution;
(f) a failure to supply goods or services which were wholly or partly paid for which gave rise to a claim provable in the bankruptcy;
(g) trading at a time before commencement of the bankruptcy when the bankrupt knew or ought to have known that he was himself to be unable to pay his debts;
(h) incurring, before commencement of the bankruptcy, a debt which the bankrupt had no reasonable expectation of being able to pay;
(i) failing to account satisfactorily to the court, the official receiver or the trustee for a loss of property or for an insufficiency of property to meet bankruptcy debts;
(j) carrying on any gambling, rash and hazardous speculation or unreasonable extravagance which may have materially contributed to or increased the extent of the bankruptcy or which took place between presentation of the petition and commencement of the bankruptcy;
(k) neglect of business affairs of a kind which may have materially contributed to or increased the extent of the bankruptcy;
(l) fraud or fraudulent breach of trust;
(m) failing to cooperate with the official receiver or the trustee.
(3) The court shall also, in particular, consider whether the bankrupt was an undischarged bankrupt at some time during the period of six years ending with the date of the bankruptcy to which the application relates.
(4) For the purpose of sub-paragraph (2)—
“before petition” shall be construed in accordance with section 351(c),
“excessive pension contribution” shall be construed in accordance with section 342A,
“preference” shall be construed in accordance with section 340, and
“undervalue” shall be construed in accordance with section 339.
3 (1) An application for a bankruptcy restrictions order in respect of a bankrupt must be made—
(a) before the end of the period of one year beginning with the date on which the bankruptcy commences, or
(b) with the permission of the court.
(2) The period specified in sub-paragraph (1)(a) shall cease to run in respect of a bankrupt while the period set for his discharge is suspended under section 279(3).
4 (1) A bankruptcy restrictions order—
(a) shall come into force when it is made, and
(b) shall cease to have effect at the end of a date specified in the order.
(2) The date specified in a bankruptcy restrictions order under sub-paragraph (1)(b) must not be—
(a) before the end of the period of two years beginning with the date on which the order is made, or
(b) after the end of the period of 15 years beginning with that date.
5 (1) This paragraph applies at any time between—
(a) the institution of an application for a bankruptcy restrictions order, and
(b) the determination of the application.
(2) The court may make an interim bankruptcy restrictions order if the court thinks that—
(a) there are prima facie grounds to suggest that the application for the bankruptcy restrictions order will be successful, and
(b) it is in the public interest to make an interim order.
(3) An interim order may be made only on the application of—
(a) the Secretary of State, or
(b) the official receiver acting on a direction of the Secretary of State.
(4) An interim order—
(a) shall have the same effect as a bankruptcy restrictions order, and
(b) shall come into force when it is made.
(5) An interim order shall cease to have effect—
(a) on the determination of the application for the bankruptcy restrictions order,
(b) on the acceptance of a bankruptcy restrictions undertaking made by the bankrupt, or
(c) if the court discharges the interim order on the application of the person who applied for it or of the bankrupt.
6 (1) This paragraph applies to a case in which both an interim bankruptcy restrictions order and a bankruptcy restrictions order are made.
(2) Paragraph 4(2) shall have effect in relation to the bankruptcy restrictions order as if a reference to the date of that order were a reference to the date of the interim order.
7 (1) A bankrupt may offer a bankruptcy restrictions undertaking to the Secretary of State.
(2) In determining whether to accept a bankruptcy restrictions undertaking the Secretary of State shall have regard to the matters specified in paragraph 2(2) and (3).
8 A reference in an enactment to a person in respect of whom a bankruptcy restrictions order has effect (or who is “the subject of” a bankruptcy restrictions order) includes a reference to a person in respect of whom a bankruptcy restrictions undertaking has effect.
9 (1) A bankruptcy restrictions undertaking—
(a) shall come into force on being accepted by the Secretary of State, and
(b) shall cease to have effect at the end of a date specified in the undertaking.
(2) The date specified under sub-paragraph (1)(b) must not be—
(a) before the end of the period of two years beginning with the date on which the undertaking is accepted, or
(b) after the end of the period of 15 years beginning with that date.
(3) On an application by the bankrupt the court may—
(a) annul a bankruptcy restrictions undertaking;
(b) provide for a bankruptcy restrictions undertaking to cease to have effect before the date specified under sub-paragraph (1)(b).
10 Where a bankruptcy order is annulled under section 282(1)(a) or (2)—
(a) any bankruptcy restrictions order, interim order or undertaking which is in force in respect of the bankrupt shall be annulled,
(b) no new bankruptcy restrictions order or interim order may be made in respect of the bankrupt, and
(c) no new bankruptcy restrictions undertaking by the bankrupt may be accepted.
11 Where a bankruptcy order is annulled under section 261, 263D or 282(1)(b)—
(a) the annulment shall not affect any bankruptcy restrictions order, interim order or undertaking in respect of the bankrupt,
(b) the court may make a bankruptcy restrictions order in relation to the bankrupt on an application instituted before the annulment,
(c) the Secretary of State may accept a bankruptcy restrictions undertaking offered before the annulment, and
(d) an application for a bankruptcy restrictions order or interim order in respect of the bankrupt may not be instituted after the annulment.
12 The Secretary of State shall maintain a register of—
(a) bankruptcy restrictions orders,
(b) interim bankruptcy restrictions orders, and
(c) bankruptcy restrictions undertakings.”
Enterprise Act 2002